Glossary

Addends – the numbers added together in an addition problem

Composer – a person who writes music

Composition – A piece of music

Consonance – a synonym for harmony. A blend of pleasing sounds.  

Cycle – in a wave, the distance from one point on the wave to the next corresponding point; from one valley to the next (7-8)

Dissonance – if two sounds do not sound pleasant when heard together. Unpleasant combinations of sound.

Frequency – the number of times something happens in a given time period. In areas of science, the number of wave cycles in a given period of time, usually seconds. OR the number of times a motion repeats in a unit of time. In music, its the number of vibrations per second of a string or air column. (7-8)

Harmony – Sounds that fit together. It is a combination of tones that we hear simultaneously, all of which blend into a pleasing sensation.

Measure – the pace between 2 bars on a musical staff (5-8)

Melody – and arrangement of musical notes. Also referred to as a theme that is simple and easily sung.

Musical notation – a special language to write music. The notes used are like letters and numbers we use to write in the English language. Octaves – groups of 12 tones

Period  – The time that is required for a vibration to repeat a single time. The period is the reciprocal of the frequency. For example, if the frequency is 6 hertz or 6 times a sec, it has a period of ⅙ of a second. (7-8)

Pitch – how high or low a sound is. It is a sensation produced in the brain of highness or lowness of a sound. Notes at the right end of a  piano have high pitch and notes at the low end have low pitch. 

Rest – A period of silence in a piece of music

Rhythm – the pattern of sounds in a piece of music.  The time signature and the temp help create the pattern of sounds. Also known as a beat.

Scale – a musical structure that organizes sounds into a form that allows us to select sequences of notes to produce songs. 

Staff – the 5 lines and 4 spaces on which music is written. 

Theme – if the sequence of notes is pleasing, it is usually repeated or varied. 

Time signature – numbers (displayed at the beginning of a musical composition) that tell us the number of beats in each measure and the type of note that gets 1 beat.

Tempo – the speed at which a piece of music is played– also known as the pace of a song

Vibration – a shaking. When something vibrates, it repeats the same motion over and over. It may do this many times a minute or many times a second. (5-8)Wave – an undulating form made up of peaks (crests) and valleys (troughs) (7-8)